Introduction of Several Renal Function Index

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The renal function test can usually indicate whether people have kidney diseases or not,disease conditions and evaluation of therapeutic effects and prognosis,and based on which the dose of medicines,dialysis and other treatments can be determined. It is worthwhile to note that traditional renal function test is a rough assess,so far the renal fibrosis index makes it possible to determine the injury degree from the aspect of micro cells,but this technique can only be found in Shijiazhuang kidney disease hospital.
The following is going to introduce some commonly used norms in renal function test in clinical along with their clinical significance.
Blood Urea Nitrogen(BUN)
Normal range:3.2-7.1mmol/L(9-20mg/dl)
Clinical significance
increase——acute and chronic nephritis,severe nephropyelitis,acute and chronic renal dysfunction caused by various reasons,heart failure,shock,burn,dehydration,internal bleeding,adrenocortical insufficiency,prostate enlargement,Chronic urinary tract obstruction and so on.

Serum creatinine

Normal range
Adult Women: 0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL
Adult Men: 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL
Individuals With Only One Kidney: 1.8 to 1.9 mg/dL
Clinical significance
Increase----kidney failure,heart failure,gigantism,megalakria and so on.
Decrease---progressive muscular atrophy,leukemia and anemia.
Blood urea acid(UA)
Normal range
Adult men:149～417μmol/L
Adult women:89～357μmol/L
Old men: (>60)250～476μmol/L
Old women: (>60)90～434μmol/L
Clinical significance
Increase----gout,acute and chronic leukemia,multiple myeloma,pernicious anemia,kidney failure,liver failure,globulism,reaction of pregnancy,aggravating activities and high fat.
Urine creatinine
Normal range
Infants:88～176μmmol·kg-1/d
Children:44～352μmol·kg-1/d
Adults:7～8mmol/d
Clinical significance
Increase---starvation,fever,acute and chronic consumption.
Decrease----kidney failure,amyotrophia,,anemia and leukemia.
Selective Proteinuria Index(SPI)
Normal range
SPI<0.1,normal;
SPI0.1～0.2,general;
SPI>0.2, bad.
Clinical significance
when the large molecules such as IgG is less in the urine,it indicates that SPI is good,otherwise,SPI is bad.
Creatinine Clearance Rate(CcR)
Normal range
Adult men:0.45～1.32ml·s-1/m2
Adult women:0.85～1.29ml·s-1/m2
Clinical significance
When the CcR is decreased to 0.5～0.6ml·s-l/m2(52～63ml/min/1.73 m2),the renal function declines;while the CcR is decreased to less than 0.3ml·s-1/m2(31ml/min/1.73m2),the filtration function of the kidney is decreased seriously.
Phenol Red Excretion Test(PSP)
Normal range
15min0.25～0.51(0.53)
30min0.13～0.24(0.17)
60min0.09～0.17(0.12)
120min0.03～0.10(0.06)
120min gross amount 0.63～0.84(0.70)
Clinical significance
When there is only 50% function of kidney tubules,it indicates that the excretion rate begins to decline. The diseases such as chronic glomerular nephritis,chronic nephropyelitis,renal vascular sclerosis,Fanconi syndrome,heart failure,renal arteriosclerosis,high blood calcium,low blood potassium,congestive heart failure,nephrotoxicity and drug induced nephropathy.

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